A common problem that adults with CP can experience is difficulty with swallowing (the medical term for this is dysphagia). This is because CP can affect the strength, movement, coordination and sensations of the mouth, face and throat muscles, making it hard to suck, bite, chew and swallow food, fluid and saliva.
The two types of swallowing problems are:
- oropharyngeal dysphagia – caused by issues with the mouth and throat muscles and nerves, which make it difficult to move food from the mouth into the throat
- eosophageal dysphagia – caused by problems with how the lower esophageal sphincter works (this is the opening between the esophagus and the stomach).
You may find your ability to swallow changes as you age. In some cases, this can occur from as early as 30 years of age.
Symptoms may include:
- increased drooling, coughing or choking
- intestinal symptoms
- diet adjustments
If you are experiencing difficulties swallowing, you have a higher risk of being undernourished and dehydrated, developing aspiration pneumonia and having a reduced quality of life, with loss of independence or social isolation.
It is important that you have regular assessments with your healthcare team, especially when you notice any difficulties with swallowing. A speech therapist or dietician can provide support and advice so you can manage mealtimes and make sure you are getting the nutrition you need.
Treatments and techniques that can help improve your ability to swallow include:
- changing the consistency of food or liquids
- tucking your chin in when you swallow
- chewing more
- exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles
