Our bones and joints support the body, protect internal organs, store calcium and anchor the muscles and tendons that help us move. When bone density is low or bone mass is reduced, bones become weaker and more likely to fracture.

People with CP are more prone to certain bone and joint conditions as they age, including:

•    Osteoarthritis – gradual joint deterioration, causing pain and problems with movement
•    Osteoporosis – reduced bone mass and density, increasing fracture risk
•    Back pain – common in adults with CP who walk, due to muscle imbalance or posture changes
•    Foot and knee problems – often linked to walking out of alignment
•    Cervical stenosis – narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck, which can cause weakness, pain or difficulty breathing or swallowing

Because CP can affect movement and make it harder to use leg muscles effectively, bones may weaken over time. It’s important to have your bone health checked regularly.

Your doctor may recommend:
•    A bone density scan (DEXA scan) to measure bone strength and detect early signs of osteoporosis; and
•    A blood test to check your vitamin D level, as low vitamin D can contribute to bone loss.
These tests help identify problems early and guide treatment or prevention strategies.

A physiotherapist can assess your physical ability and design an exercise program that includes weight-bearing activities, such as standing, walking, or using a walker or standing frame, to help maintain bone density and joint mobility.

Pain can often be managed with medications such as antispasmodics (for muscle spasms) and anti-inflammatory medicines. For back pain, options include postural correction, gentle exercises, heat (such as a warm bath) or cold therapy (ice packs). Massage may also help relieve tense muscles.

Good nutrition supports bone strength. If you find it hard to maintain a balanced diet, a dietitian can help you plan meals rich in vitamin D and calcium. Foods high in vitamin D include fatty fish, egg yolks and mushrooms.

Dairy foods (milk, yoghurt, cheese), leafy greens and tofu are good sources of calcium. Safe exposure to sunlight also helps your body make vitamin D.

Finally, review your medications with your doctor, as some may affect bone density. In some cases, medicines such as bisphosphonates can help slow bone loss.